Lock washer



mamas C. G. OLSON Oct. 11, i932.`

Loox WASHER Filed Sept. 2, 193C v Patented oei. n, 1932 'UNITED `STATESPATENT orrlca our. e. oLsoN. or'V crrrculeo,i rumors; assrenoa rosmnraoor nocxwasnna conm, or emesso, rumors. a rzoisrona'nonv ornnnawaaa4 LOGX WASHER appuuon mea september 2, issn. serial no. 479,174.

Myf inventionV -relates generall to 'lock washers and .particularly toloc washers adapted to be used with wood screws.

It is `one of the objects of my present invention to .provide a lockwasher of the 'pronged type, which is particularly adapt-r able for usewith the head of wood screws and the like, and to `this end I propotoprovide a washer having internal teeth for lockingly engaging ascrewhead and external teeth adapted to imbed themselves within the outersurface of a work piece..

More specifically, my invention contemplates the provision of a flattype lock washer having internal annularly disposed teeth for lockinglyengaging the underside of'a screw head and rongs extending laterally ofthe washer bo y alon the outer margin thereof which are adap to imbedthemselves within the surface of the work piece when a A further objectBf my invention is` to provide a. washer, as above set forth, which, in'addition to the internal teeth for .engaging the screw head and theexternal teeth for engaging the work piece, is also provided withmarginal prongs extending in a direction opposite to the prongsforengaging the work piece, whereby to enable said washer to beconveniently secured in position upon the screw head.

Still another object of my present invention is to provide a screw andlock washer assembl of improved .practical construction in whic thewasher is secured in position upon the screw head by means of externalprongs, which prongs are adapted to be bent' over the head of the screwand thereby prevent axial displacement of the washer with res ct'tothescrew body.

iiother object of my invention is to provide a lock washer, as above setforth, which is so designed that either side thereof may be applied tothe screw head, thereby greatly facilitating-the ease with which saidwashers ma be assembled with companion screws. he foregoing and otherobjects and ad vantages will be more apparent from the fol- .50 lowingdetailed 'description when considered clamping force is applied axiallyofthe washin connection with.thev accompanying draw-A ing, wherein:

Figure 1 .is a plan view offa lock washer constructed in accordance withthe teachings of my present invention; 55 Figure'2 is a fragmentary sideelevational view of a wood screw which is equipped with f a lock. washerof the type shown 1n Figure 1,.said washer being shown irrsection inorder lto more clearly illustrate the structural chara0 acteristicsthereof;

.' Figure'3 is a side elevational view similar to Figure 2disclosing'the washer in elevation as distinguished from .the sectionaldisclosure in Figure 2; Figures is a side elevational view similar tofJFigure 3 of a lock washer of modified form;and' v Figure 5 isa lan viewof the device shown in AFigure 4 wit the upper marginal prongs 70 warpedso asto counteract retrograde movement of the screw head when the screwand washer assemblyfis secured'upon a work piece. 'My vpresent inventionis related to sub'ect matter set forth in my copending application, 15Serial Number '-47 9,17 3, filed' of even date herewith wherein I havedisclosed a conical type of lock washer adapted to be used with woodscrews and the like. My present application, however, relates moreparticularly to flat t pe lock washers which may-be used with wooscrews. v i

Referring nowjto the drawing more in detail. wherein like numerals havebeen employed to designate similar parts throughout 86 A the variousIigures, it will e seenthat one embodiment of my invention comprises/awasher of 4the t pe shown in Figures 1 lto `3 inclusive, whic I havedesignated generally bythe numeral 10. This washer mcludes 90'vthemselves within a part, such' as thescrew l@ engage the ad'acentsurface of a work piece (not shown), ut in view of the softness ofmaterial, such as wood, the degree to which the teeth 14 imbedthemselves within the wood might not be sufficient to secure the washeragainst relative rotation with respect thereto. f

In order to positively secure said washer against rotation with respectto vthe work plece, I provide a plurality of independent teeth or prongs20 which are positioned alon the outer margin of the body portion 12 anare disposed at substantially right angles with respect to said bodyportion. Atten.- tion is directed to the fact that these prongs 20 arealternately deflected in opposite directions out of the plane of thebody portion and are pointed at theirouter extremities so as toeffectively imbed themselves within the surface of a work piece, such asa Wood surface. By having the prongs 20 -disposed on opposite sides ofthebody portion as shown in Figures 2 and 3, either side of the washermay be applied to the screw head 16 during the assemblying operation.Obviously this is an important factor in reducing the time necessary forassembly purposes, particularly when the washers must be selected froman indiscriminate mass thereof and applied in a large number of placesin a minimum amount of time.

After the screw head 16 has been clamped against the washer so as tocause thelowermost prongs 20 to imbed themselves within the work piece,the uppermost prongs 20 may' be bent inwardly as shown by the dottedlines in Figure 2 so as A to clampmgly engage the outer surface of thehead 16. In this manner the washer and screw may be coupled together asa unit.l In this connection attention is directed to the fact that if itis desirable to keep in stock a store of assembled screws and lockwashers, it is only necessary to assemble the washer upon. the screw andthen bend the uppermost prongs 20 against the screw head as shown inFigures 2 and 4. In this manner I am able to provide a very convenientand practical screw and lock washer assemblywhich maybe applied to awork piece with a minimum amount of eii'ort on the part of the user. yBy clinching the prongs upon the screw head the'washer is securely heldin position upon the screw and at the same time the screw head may berotated relative t0 the washer when it is being applied to a'work piece.

In Figure 4 I have disclosed a modified washer construction which I havedesignated generally by the numeral 10a and this washer 1s similar tothe washer 10 with the exception that I provide considerable spacebetween the outer prongs. It will be seen that I provide prongs 20awhich correspond in 'functional and structural characteristics to theagainst the head of the screw head 16 in the manner described inconnection with Figure 2. This type of lock washer is particularlyadaptable for preassembly devices and, of course, must be applied to thewasher head in a predetermined manner, that is, with the prongs 201)uppermost. This is to bc distinguished'from the washer 10, either sideof which may be'applied to the screw head. In certain instances it maybe desirable, from the standpoint of external appearance and the like,to employ the rounded prongs simia lar to the prongs 20b asdistinguished from the sharp prongs 20a. f

In Figure 5 I have shown the manner in which these prongs 206 may beexed in such a manner that one edge thereof, which I have designated bythe numeral 22, is adapted to counteract retrograde movement of thescrew head with respectto the washer when the assembly is applied to thework piece.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is:

1. A lock washer includin an intermediate annular b'ody portion ounbroken an- 'nular continuity, a plurality of work engaging teethprovided along the inner ics margin of said body portion for lockinglyenga 'ng. the clamping surface of a. mem r such as ascrew head, and. a,plurality of work engaging teeth along the outer n margin of said bodyportion-projecting in opposite directions out of the planeJ thereof,whereby, when yeither side of the washer is 'applied to the work piece,outer teeth thereof will be in position tobeforced into said work piecefor securing the Washer against rotation with respect thereto.

. `2. rA lock washer including'an intermediate annular body portion ofunbroken continuity, a plurality of work engaging teeth provided alongthe inner margin thereof. for lockingly engaging the clamping surface ofa member such as a screw head, and a'plurality of sharp work engagingteeth warped' in opposite directions out of the plane of the washer bodyalong the outer margin thereof.

3. Alock'washerincludin an annular body portion, a plurality of worengaging teeth positioned along the inner margin thereof forlockinglyengaging a screw head, a plurality of `work engaging teeth positionedalong the outer margin .o said body portion projecting out of the -planethereofl for lock- 1 ng1y engaging a work piece, and means pro- `5)ecting in an opposite direction out of the plane of the body portion(adapted to be crimped against said screw head for securing said washeragainst axial movement with respect thereto and enabling rotation of the1g screw with respectto the washer during thc clamping of saidscrewthereagainst.

4. The combination with a screw having a head, a. lock washer positionedadjacent said head, said washer ,including an annular body portionformed with a plurality of internal marginal teeth for lockinglyengaging said screw head, and means positioned along the outer margin ofsaid body portion for securin said washer to the screw head and en- 2 abing rotation of the screw with respect to the washer during the clampingof said screw thereagainst.

5. A lock washer including an annular body portion, a plurality ofworking engaging teeth provided along the inner margin thereof forlockingly engaging the clamping sur- :face of a rotary clamping element,such as a screw, head or lnut, and a plurality of work engaging teethoppositely positioned out of the plane of the washer body along theouter margin thereof, said teeth being spaced sufficiently from thewasher axis to prevent interference of said teeth with the clampingsurface when said surface is tightened against g5 the-inner teeth.

6. A lock washer including an annular bod portion, a plurality of workengaging teeth provided along the inner margin of said body portion forlockingly engaging,l the.

I clamping surface of a rotary clamping element such as a screw head ornut, and a plul rality of work engaging teeth along the outer margin ofsaid body projecting in opposite directions out ofthe plane thereof,whereby,

when either side of the washer is applied to the work piece, certain ofsaid outer teeth will imbed themselves within the surfacek of said lwork piece and the other outer teeth will be free from engagement withthe above-mentioned clamping surface when saidwasher is clamped inposition. y v

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name. y

f CARL G. OLSON.

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